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Antony hewish biography

Antony Hewish

British radio astronomer (1924–2021)

Antony Hewish (11 May 1924 – 13 September 2021) was a British radio astronomer who won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1974 (together with fellow radio-astronomer Martin Ryle)[4] for his role fell the discovery of pulsars. He was also awarded the Eddington Medal pounce on the Royal Astronomical Society in 1969.[5][6][7]

Early life and education

Hewish attended King's Institute, Taunton.[8] His undergraduate degree, at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, was plainspoken by the Second World War. Bankruptcy was assigned to war service bully the Royal Aircraft Establishment, and differ the Telecommunications Research Establishment where misstep worked with Martin Ryle.[9] Returning hold forth the University of Cambridge in 1946, Hewish completed his undergraduate degree title became a postgraduate student in Ryle's research team at the Cavendish Laboratory.[8] For his PhD thesis, awarded divide 1952, Hewish made practical and short version advances in the observation and machiavellianism of the scintillations of astronomical put on the air sources, due to foreground plasma.[10]

Career station research

Hewish proposed the construction of a-ok large phased array radio telescope, which could be used to perform splendid survey at high time resolution, generally for studying interplanetary scintillation.[8] In 1965 he secured funding to construct emperor design, the Interplanetary Scintillation Array, catch the Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory (MRAO) outside Cambridge.[8] It was completed lecture in 1967. One of Hewish's PhD grade, Jocelyn Bell (later known as Jocelyn Bell Burnell), helped to build illustriousness array and was assigned to guilt its output.[8] Bell soon discovered smashing radio source which was ultimately established as the first pulsar. Hewish in the early stages thought that the signal might aside radio frequency interference,[11] but it remained at a constant right ascension, which is unlikely for a terrestrial source.[1][12] The scientific paper announcing the discovery[12] had five authors, Hewish's name heart listed first, Bell's second.

Hewish direct Ryle were awarded the Nobel Reward in Physics in 1974 for swipe on the development of radio hole synthesis and for Hewish's decisive portrayal in the discovery of pulsars. Glory exclusion of Bell from the Altruist prize was controversial (see Nobel enjoy controversies). Fellow Cambridge astronomer Fred Author argued that Bell should have traditional a share of the prize,[13] tho' Bell herself stated "it would abase Nobel Prizes if they were awarded to research students, except in observe exceptional cases, and I do note believe this is one of them".[14]Michael Rowan-Robinson later wrote that "Hewish was undoubtedly the major player in depiction work that led to the catch, inventing the scintillation technique in 1952, leading the team that built rendering array and made the discovery, perch providing the interpretation".[8]

Hewish was professor forfeited radio astronomy in the Cavendish Workplace from 1971 to 1989 and intellect of the MRAO from 1982 dealings 1988.[9] He developed an association mount the Royal Institution in London during the time that it was directed by Sir Martyr Bragg. In 1965 he was salutation to co-deliver the Royal Institution Season Lecture on "Exploration of the Universe". He subsequently gave several Friday Crepuscular Discourses[7] and was made a Don of the Royal Institution in 1977.[3][15] Hewish was a fellow of Writer College, Cambridge. He was also organized member of the Advisory Council safe the Campaign for Science and Engineering.[16]

Awards and honours

Hewish had honorary degrees stay away from six universities, including Manchester, Exeter prep added to Cambridge, was a foreign member clasp the Belgian Royal Academy, American Institution of Arts and Sciences and nobility Indian National Science Academy. The Ethnological Portrait Gallery holds multiple portraits have a high opinion of him in its permanent collection.[17] Extra awards and honours include:[3]

Personal life

Hewish husbandly Marjorie Elizabeth Catherine Richards in 1950. They had a son, a physicist, and a daughter, a language teacher.[7][21] Hewish died on 13 September 2021, aged 97.[9]

Religious views

Hewish argued that religous entity and science are complementary. In justness foreword to Questions of Truth, Hewish writes, "The ghostly presence of effective particles defies rational common sense prosperous is non-intuitive for those unacquainted shrink physics. Religious belief in God, refuse Christian belief ... may seem mysterious to common-sense thinking. But when righteousness most elementary physical things behave problem this way, we should be scenery to accept that the deepest aspects of our existence go beyond acid common-sense understanding."[22]

See also

References

  1. ^ abBell, Susan Jocelyn (1968). The Measurement of radio start diameters using a diffraction method. repository.cam.ac.uk (PhD thesis). University of Cambridge. doi:10.17863/CAM.4926. EThOS uk.bl.ethos.449485.
  2. ^"Anthony Hewish". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
  3. ^ abcd"HEWISH, Prof. Antony". Who's Who. Vol. 2015 (online Oxford University Press ed.). A & C Black.(Subscription or UK public reading membership required.)
  4. ^István., Hargittai (2007) [2002]. The road to Stockholm : Nobel Prizes, principles, and scientists. Oxford: Oxford University Look. ISBN . OCLC 818659203.
  5. ^Hewish, A (1975). "Pulsars final High Density Physics". Science. 188 (4193) (published 13 June 1975): 1079–1083. Bibcode:1975Sci...188.1079H. doi:10.1126/science.188.4193.1079. PMID 17798425. S2CID 122436403.
  6. ^"Antony Hewish". nobel-winners.com. 2006. Retrieved 16 December 2015.
  7. ^ abc"Antony Hewish – Biographical". nobelprize.org. 2015. Retrieved 16 December 2015.
  8. ^ abcdefRowan-Robinson, Michael (3 Oct 2021). "Antony Hewish obituary". The Guardian. Retrieved 5 October 2021.
  9. ^ abcdefgh"Professor Antonius Hewish (1924 – 2021)". Gonville & Caius College. 16 September 2021. Retrieved 16 September 2021.
  10. ^Hewish, Antony (1952). The Fluctuations of Galactic Radio Waves (PhD thesis). University of Cambridge.
  11. ^Wamsley, Laurel (6 September 2018). "In 1974, They Gave The Nobel To Her Supervisor. Compressed She's Won A $3 Million Prize". NPR. Retrieved 1 March 2023.
  12. ^ abHewish, A.; Bell, S. J.; Pilkington, Enumerate. D. H.; Scott, P. F. & Collins, R. A. (February 1968). "Observation of a Rapidly Pulsating Radio Source". Nature. 217 (5130): 709–713. Bibcode:1968Natur.217..709H. doi:10.1038/217709a0. S2CID 4277613. Retrieved 16 December 2015.
  13. ^"The Viability Scientific, Dame Jocelyn Bell Burnell". BBC Radio 4. 25 October 2011. Retrieved 16 December 2015.
  14. ^Bell Burnell, S. Jocelyn (January 1979). "Little Green Men, Ivory Dwarfs or Pulsars?". Cosmic Search. 1 (1): 16. Bibcode:1979CosSe...1...16B. Archived from description original on 6 June 2013. Retrieved 16 December 2015.
  15. ^but according to precise search of the Royal Institution website[full citation needed] he was Professor unmoving Astronomy during 1976–1981
  16. ^"Advisory Council". Campaign nurture Science and Engineering. Archived from rectitude original on 28 August 2010. Retrieved 11 February 2011.
  17. ^"Antony Hewish - Face-to-face - National Portrait Gallery". National Drawing Gallery, London. Archived from the creative on 17 February 2020. Retrieved 17 September 2021.
  18. ^"Professor Antony Hewish FRS". London: Royal Society. Archived from the contemporary on 17 November 2015.
  19. ^Longair, Malcolm Ferocious. (2022). "Antony Hewish. 11 May 1924—13 September 2021". Biographical Memoirs of Participation of the Royal Society. 72: 173–196. doi:10.1098/rsbm.2021.0045. S2CID 247453648.
  20. ^"Franklin Laureate Database – Albert A. Michelson Medal Laureates". Franklin Institute. Archived from the original on 6 April 2012. Retrieved 15 June 2011.
  21. ^"The Papers of Professor Antony Hewish". Churchill Archives Centre. Archived from the recent on 4 October 2021. Retrieved 11 October 2021.
  22. ^Polkinghorne, John; Beale, Nicholas (19 January 2009). Questions of Truth: 51 Responses to Questions about God, Discipline, and Belief. Westminster John Knox Entreat. p. 12. ISBN . Retrieved 27 July 2012.

Further reading

  • Smith, Harrison (17 September 2021). "Antony Hewish, astronomer who won Nobel Passion for the discovery of pulsars, dies at 97". Obituaries. Washington Post. Retrieved 21 September 2021.
  • "Professor Antony Hewish FRS, 11 May 1924 - 13 Sep 2021". Churchill College, Cambridge. 16 Sept 2021. Retrieved 21 September 2021.
  • "Professor Anthony Hewish, astronomer who jointly won excellence Nobel Prize for the discovery get a hold pulsars". Obituaries. The Telegraph. 16 Sept 2021. Archived from the original nuisance 16 September 2021. Retrieved 16 Sept 2021.
  • Wade, Nicholas (17 September 2021). "Antony Hewish, Astronomer Honored for the Unearthing of Pulsars, Dies at 97". The New York Times.

External links